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ja muuta ostivat YEL-vakuutuksen
Ilmarisen verkkokaupasta viimeisen 7 päivän aikana
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Yrityksen tiedot

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Lue lisää tietosuojasta

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Osta Kirjaudu

Niskavaivat, työkyky ja työn muokkaus

Niskakipu on tavallinen vaiva, joka paranee yleensä hyvin. Niskakipuinen työntekijä voi useimmiten jatkaa omassa työssään tai muokatussa työssä ilman pidempää sairauslomaa.

Niskakivut ovat yleisiä. Tutkimusten mukaan niskakivuista oli viimeksi kuluneen kuukauden aikana kärsinyt noin 27 % yli 30-vuotiaista miehistä ja 41 % samanikäisistä naisista.

Niskakipu paranee yleensä hyvin, mutta saattaa olla myös toistuvaa. Niskakipu luokitellaan sen mukaan, kuinka kauan oireet kestävät: äkillinen niskakipu on kestänyt alle 3 kuukautta ja pitkäaikainen niskakipu vähintään 3 kuukautta. Niskakipu määritellään myös sen mukaan, onko kipu vain niska-hartia-lapa-alueen kipu vai säteileekö se yläraajaan tai harvemmin alaraajaan.

Mistä niskavaivat johtuvat?

Niskakivun taustalla on useita erilaisia riskitekijöitä. Niitä ovat fyysiset kuormitustekijät (toistotyö, tarkkuutta vaativa työ, käsien voiman käyttö, niskan taipunut tai kiertynyt asento, pitkä paikallaan istuminen, käsien kohoasento), ikä, naissukupuoli ja ylipaino. Myös työhön liittyvät niin sanotut psykososiaaliset tekijät, esimerkiksi työn suuri määrä, heikot vaikuttamismahdollisuudet ja huono työtyytyväisyys, saattavat suurentaa niskakivun riskiä.

Niskakivun syy voi olla myös niskan retkahdus esimerkiksi peräänajokolarissa. Yleensä retkahdusvammasta toipuu hyvin, mutta pienellä osalla potilaista vammaan liittyvä oireilu pitkittyy.

Selvittäessään niskakivun syytä lääkäri tutkii kipualueen ja selvittää kipua pahentavat liikkeet, kaularangan liikkuvuuden sekä mahdolliset yläraajojen tuntohäiriöt ja lihasheikkoudet. Lääkäri selvittää myös, voisiko niskakivun taustalla olla jokin vakava sairaus tai yleissairaus. Lääkäriin tulee hakeutua, jos esiintyy etenevää lihasheikkoutta tai niskakipuun liittyy kuumetta, laihtumista tai yleiskunnon heikkenemistä.

Lyhyet sairauslomat ovat niskakipuisella tavallisia

Niskakipuinen työntekijä jatkaa tavallisesti työssään ilman sairauslomia. Yleisimmin sairausloman kesto on 1–3 vuorokautta. Työhön liittyvät niskaa kuormittavat tekijät tulee selvittää. Myös psykososiaaliset tekijät, kuten työn suuri määrä, heikot vaikuttamismahdollisuudet ja huono työtyytyväisyys, saattavat suurentaa niskakivun riskiä. Ne tulee myös tunnistaa.

Jos kipu ei ole hallittavissa työjärjestelyin, saatetaan tarvita ammatillista kuntoutusta.

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